Lung cancer in non-smokers: Can it happen?
Lung cancer is a disease that is commonly related to smoking, but did you know that it can also affect non-smokers? Although smoking is the main cause of the disease, various environmental and biological factors can increase the risk of suffering from it.
In this article, we will discuss lung cancer in non-smokers and the factors that cause it, so that you can learn more about this disease and how to prevent it.
Causes and Risk Factors of Lung Cancer in Nonsmokers
As we have already mentioned, lung cancer in nonsmokers can be caused by a variety of environmental and biological factors, including:
Radon exposure
Radon is a natural gas found in soil and rocks.
When radon accumulates in enclosed spaces (homes, buildings, etc.), it can become a source of dangerous exposure that increases the risk of developing lung cancer in non-smokers.
Air pollution
Air pollution, especially with carcinogens, can increase the risk of lung cancer in nonsmokers.
Pollutants can come from various sources such as industry, transportation, and the burning of fossil fuels.
Family history of lung cancer
A family history of lung cancer may increase the risk of lung cancer in nonsmokers.
If a family member has been diagnosed with this disease, it is important to inform the doctor for regular follow-ups and diagnostic tests.
Genetics
Some people may have a genetic predisposition to developing lung cancer, even if they have never smoked.
Exposure to chemicals
Contact with certain chemicals in the workplace or in industrial settings, such as silica and asbestos, can increase the chances of lung cancer in nonsmokers.
Types of lung cancer in nonsmokers
The most common types of lung cancer in nonsmokers are:
Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC)
This term refers to non-small cell types of lung cancer and accounts for about 85% of all cases.
The three main subtypes of NSCLC are adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma.
It should be noted that two of them are the most frequent in non-smokers:
Adenocarcinoma
It is the most common type of lung cancer and originates in the cells that line the lung alveoli.
It often occurs in people who have never smoked.
Large cell carcinoma
Lung cancer is a rare type of lung cancer that starts in large, rounded cells found in lung tissue.
Symptoms of lung cancer in people who don't smoke
Symptoms of lung cancer in nonsmokers are similar to the symptoms experienced by smokers and may include:
- Chronic cough.
- Coughing up blood.
- Wheezing.
- Shortness of breath.
- Fatigue.
- Weight loss.
- Chest pain.
Early detection of lung cancer in non-smokers
Early detection of lung cancer in nonsmokers can be done through tests or exams to find the disease at an early stage, such as low-dose CT scans.
These types of tests are important because they can help detect cancer before symptoms spread, so it can be treated effectively.
However, there is currently no systematic screening program for people who do not smoke, so it is recommended to see a doctor if you experience symptoms or if you are at high risk due to factors such as radon exposure or a family history of lung cancer.
